Located in arid regions, the foggara in algeria, the qanat in iran. A traditional system of irrigation in arid regions. Pdf this article discusses the traditional irrigation system in the oases of touat. Close relationship between urbanism and development of irrigation systems. In the foggara with this hydraulic system, oases have been developed throughout the region of timimoun over ten centuries. The project is regarded by some as a major achievement, allowing water to be supplied to the remotest areas of the country. Studying the origin of the foggara in the western algerian. The future of the ksar in sustainable development topic. More recent sources suggest that its earliest presence should be. To fill the shortage of rainfall, the oasis has developed a. Signature dune charte dexploitation des nappes souterraines.
Abstract the algerian sahara is a huge area, on which scattered oases where life is possible are grafted, as a consequence of water presence. The sahara is neither a romantic land of luxuryladen camel caravans nor a vast empty darkness hiding the likes of alqaida. Hydrogeological maps a guide and a standard legend bgr. Irrigation technology, society and environment in the. Agricultures singulieres bibliographie ird editions. In ancient hellas, water management began in the early minoan era ca. The future of the ksar in sustainable development topic of.
Verfassungsschutzbericht bayern 2018 bayerisches landesamt fur. Ici, lentraide est courante et fait partie des coutumes ancestrales mozabites. More recent sources suggest that its earliest presence should be related to the 2nd millennium bc in northeast iran fattahi 2015. Pdf analyse des systemes dinformation cours et formation.
Irrigation technology, society and environment in the roman. Jul 19, 2018 even for algeria, the foggara is used for irrigation at large oasis, such as that at gourara and at touat an area of adrar 200 km from gourara. Highlights multifaceted approach to irrigation and agriculture in roman near east. Impact of climate change on groundwater and the extinction. In this region, the total length of the foggara is estimated to thousands of kilometers. Judith scheeles sahara is the most dynamic space in todays. To fill the shortage of rainfall, the oasis has developed a traditional means for mobilization of the groundwater. Pdf this paper discusses a type of foggara most common in the algerian sahara.
Fieldwork was conducted in winter 1993 and summer 1994 in order to determine the distribution and status of qanats throughout syria evaluate the historic role of these qanats, determine why qanats were built where they were, why their use has so dramatically. Qanats were studied in the mid1990s in syria as pan of a broader project examining the role of qanats in a modern world. Timimoun is located in the hyperarid zone of the sahara, with an annual rainfall not exceeding 100 mmyear. Despite sources suggest that the foggaras may have been in use as early as 200 ad. Smugglers and saints of the sahara by judith scheele. Therefore the protection of this heritage goes exordium by seeking a balance between preserving the historical and. Judith scheeles sahara is the most dynamic space in todays africa, one brought alive by ceaselessly expanding and contracting human networks that invest in place even as mobility defines community. The foggara is linked to a social system of collective work, led by a council of elders called djemaa, whose role is to direct and supervise the maintenance of the foggara and the distribution of its water. There are some ancient remains in the region, as izeggarene ruins, or the ksar sidi abdallah. These oases compile homes through a rich architecture. The foggara is a wellknown traditional hydraulic system especially in the arid zones of various places around the world. Genie informatique semestre 5 20092010 professeur m. Even for algeria, the foggara is used for irrigation at large oasis, such as that at gourara and at touat an area of adrar 200 km from gourara. A pilot renovation was done in 2000 in a village east of aleppo and our team initiated a qanat cleaning based on the priorities and traditional knowledge of the community.
The touat oases were important in the transsaharan trade including slave trade because of their location at the northern end of the tanezrouft route. Impact of climate change on groundwater and the extinction of. Section i1 special legend for aquifer and groundwater systems maps. Developed with the support of the french agency for environment and energy ademe, it is adapted to wind power applications allowing statistical analysis and. Wiews le systeme mondial dinformation et dalerte rapide. Menadelp c p j es ecosystemes oasiens dans les pays menadelp. Cours et exercices pdf sur systeme dexploitation page 1. Impact of environmental factors on the choice of irrigation technology. Water free fulltext hydrogeological characteristics.
1181 497 94 1052 1449 1489 84 1649 891 97 1265 1005 453 1155 925 63 978 62 129 229 956 46 340 649 1214 492 186 1128 625 979 904 813 573 722 1101 996 1446 1005 621 1232 279 731 683 32 1302 1460